On the Heat Death and the Big Crunch

Abstract This article is an exercise in elementary mechanics and thermodynamics. It emphasizes the basic difference between thermodynamics which lies irreversibility of latter theory. Clausius [1] (Poggendorff’s Annalen der Physik, p. 125, 1865) – discoverer entropy was led to express dichotomy famous slogan die Energie Welt ist constant, Entropie strebt einem Maximum zu. (Gibbs put these slogans on top his comprehensive memoir [2] (Gibbs, On Equilibrium Heterogeneous Substances, pp. 108–248, 1876).) And again [3] (Über den zweiten Hauptsatz mechanischen Wärmetheorie, A lecture given at general session German natural scientists physicians Frankfurt/M September 23, 1867, 1867) invented notion heat death as final destiny world. Nowadays it has become quiet around death. Says Asimov [4] (Asimov’s Biographical Encyclopedia Science Technology, 1975): “Though laws stand firmly ever, cosmologists ... [show] a certain willingness suspend judgement matter death.” we, authors this article, might add that present-day know so little about universe tiny spot sea ignorance therefore not worthy discussion by serious scientists. All more reason take fresh look subject. Now, however, most definitely contribution formal technical cosmology described monograph [5] (Cosmology, 2008) S. Weinberg, or popular booklet [6] (Fundamentals. Ten Keys Reality, 2021) F. Wilczek. Far from it! We treat monatomic ideal gas under adiabatic conditions two situations: The cylinder locked piston some instance released; homogeneous cloud rest when time gravitation “switched on”. only big leap imagination cases may be viewed models for universe. also admit we do whether free working. Gibbs thought follow authority investigate validity prediction related idea crunch assumptions. shall confirm very hot event but refute crunch.